六级写作以议论文为主，但考纲中明确包含应用文。虽然近年应用文出现频率低于议论文，但仍需准备。应用文的特点是格式固定、功能明确，掌握模板和常用句型后，考场上可以直接套用。

本文覆盖书信（建议信、投诉信、感谢信、求职信）、通知、倡议书三类应用文，每类给出结构模板和核心句型。

一、书信类：格式统一，功能靠句型区分

书信的格式固定，无论哪种功能，都包含五个部分：

1. 称呼（Dear Sir or Madam, / Dear Mr. Smith, / To whom it may concern,）
2. 开头段（表明写信目的）
3. 主体段（说明原因、细节、请求）
4. 结尾段（表达期待、感谢、歉意）
5. 落款（Yours sincerely, / Yours faithfully, + 签名）

1.1 建议信

适用场景：给朋友、老师、机构提建议。

结构模板：

• 开头：I am writing to offer some suggestions regarding...
• 主体：列出2-3条建议，用First, Second, Finally引出
• 结尾：I hope these suggestions will be of help. / I would appreciate it if you could take my advice into consideration.

核心句型：

• It would be beneficial / advisable to...
• I strongly recommend that... (should)...
• Another suggestion is that...

1.2 投诉信

适用场景：对产品质量、服务态度、延误等问题表达不满。

结构模板：

• 开头：I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...
• 主体：说明问题（时间、地点、具体情况），提出希望的处理方式（refund, replacement, apology）
• 结尾：I look forward to your prompt response. / Please investigate the matter and inform me of your solution.

核心句型：

• To my disappointment,...
• I was shocked to find that...
• I would like to request either a full refund or a replacement.

1.3 感谢信

适用场景：感谢帮助、接待、指导。

结构模板：

• 开头：I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for...
• 主体：具体说明对方做了什么，以及对你的帮助
• 结尾：Again, thank you for your kindness. / Please accept my sincere thanks.

核心句型：

• Without your help, I would not have been able to...
• Your generosity made a real difference to me.

1.4 求职信/申请信

适用场景：申请实习、职位、奖学金。

结构模板：

• 开头：I am writing to apply for the position of... advertised on...
• 主体：介绍自己的教育背景、相关经验、技能优势
• 结尾：I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my qualifications in an interview. / Thank you for considering my application.

核心句型：

• I graduated from... with a degree in...
• My previous experience in... has equipped me with...
• I am confident that my skills match your requirements.

书信通用落款规则：

• 知道对方姓名（Dear Mr. Li）：Yours sincerely, + 签名
• 不知道对方姓名（Dear Sir or Madam）：Yours faithfully, + 签名
• 写给朋友或熟人：Best regards, / Warmly, + 签名

二、通知/通告类（Notice）

适用场景：学生会、班级、机构发布活动、变更、注意事项。

格式要点：

• 标题：NOTICE（居中或左对齐，大写）
• 日期：通常写在右上角
• 正文：写清楚事由、时间、地点、注意事项
• 落款：发布单位（左下方或右下角）

结构模板：

• 第一句：There will be a... (event) on (date) at (place). / All students are required to...
• 中间：具体安排、报名方式、注意事项
• 结尾：For more information, please contact... / Your participation would be highly appreciated.

示例：
> NOTICE
>
> A lecture on “Cultural Heritage Protection” will be held in the Academic Hall at 3:00 p.m. on June 15. Professor Zhang from Peking University will be the speaker.
>
> All students are welcome to attend. Please arrive 10 minutes early and keep your phones silent during the lecture.
>
> The Student Union
> June 10, 2025

三、倡议书（Proposal / Call for Action）

适用场景：号召大家参与公益活动、环保行动、学习倡议。

结构模板：

• 开头：引出话题，说明现状或问题
• 主体：提出倡议的具体内容和理由
• 结尾：呼吁行动，给出联系方式或参与方式

核心句型：

• It is high time that we took action to...
• Let us join hands to...
• Every small effort counts. / Your involvement will make a difference.

示例：
> Proposal: Reduce Plastic Waste
>
> As we all know, plastic pollution has become a serious threat to our environment. Therefore, I propose that every student take the following actions:
>
> First, bring your own reusable bags when shopping. Second, refuse single-use plastic cutlery and straws. Third, sort plastic waste for recycling.
>
> Let us start today. Together, we can make our campus and planet cleaner.

四、考场应急：三条避坑指南

1. 格式不能错：书信少写称呼或落款直接扣分。通知没有标题也会扣分。考前默写一遍格式。
2. 语气要匹配：投诉信用词可以正式甚至强硬，但不可人身攻击。感谢信不能太随意。求职信要专业但不卑微。
3. 不要过度套模板：把模板中的连接词和结构用好即可，具体内容必须贴合题目。生硬套用会导致偏题。

附：应用文常用过渡词与结尾句速查

| 功能 | 过渡词 | 结尾句 |
|------|--------|--------|
| 列举建议 | First of all, Furthermore, Lastly | I hope you will find these suggestions useful. |
| 投诉要求 | To begin with, In addition, Worse still | I expect a prompt solution to this issue. |
| 表达感谢 | Above all, What touched me most was... | I will always remember your kindness. |
| 申请职位 | As for my qualifications, Besides, Moreover | I look forward to hearing from you soon. |
| 倡议行动 | For one thing, For another, On top of that | Let’s take action now. |

应用文在六级考试中出现频率不高，但一旦出现，格式错误会导致整篇扣分。考前花30分钟，把上面每种格式亲手写一遍（不写内容，只写格式框架），考试时就不会慌。