“搭配记不住、一用就错、考试中见了眼熟但不会用”——这是考研英语词汇备考中最令人困惑的阶段。事实是，英语二高频短语的数量远没有想象的那么大，按功能分类记忆，就可以实现较高的覆盖率。以下整合了历年真题的常考固定搭配，覆盖动词、名词、形容词、介词短语四大板块，并配有速查表和记忆方法，全文背诵或作为考前冲刺资料都非常实用。

英语一和英语二的词汇大纲完全一致，但英二短语侧重“实用性、生活化”，只需重点掌握真题中反复出现的搭配。

> 速记口诀：“动词搭配连连看，名词介词一串串；形容词常作定语，完形阅读随手翻。”

一、动词类固定搭配——完形/写译高频（30组）

动词短语在阅读、完形和翻译中都频繁出现，是平时训练中需要重点积累的部分。以下按功能分类记忆，考场上检索起来更顺畅。

1. 逻辑与态度类（原因、结果、观点）

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
| account for | 解释；占（比例） | `These factors account for the change.` |
| attribute to | 归因于 | `He attributed his success to hard work.` |
| contribute to | 有助于；促成 | `Regular exercise contributes to good health.` |
| lead to | 导致 | `Smoking can lead to lung cancer.` |
| result in | 导致（较正式） | `The crash resulted in the deaths of 10 passengers.` |
| result from | 由……引起 | `His illness resulted from overwork.` |
| cope with | 应对 | `She can cope with the pressure well.` |
| deal with | 处理 | `How will you deal with this problem?` |
| focus on | 专注于 | `We need to focus on the key issue.` |
| depend on / rely on | 依赖；取决于 | `Our success depends on our efforts.` |

2. 生活与应用类（日常常用）

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
| take care of | 照顾；处理 | `She has to take care of her younger brother.` |
| look forward to | 期待 | `We are looking forward to the holiday.` |
| make up for | 弥补 | `He tried to make up for his mistake.` |
| put up with | 忍受 | `I can't put up with his attitude.` |
| take advantage of | 利用 | `We should take advantage of the opportunity.` |
| get rid of | 摆脱 | `It's time to get rid of bad habits.` |
| figure out | 弄明白；解决 | `I can't figure out how to use this app.` |
| carry out | 执行；实施 | `The plan was carried out successfully.` |
| adapt to | 适应 | `It's easy to adapt to the new work rhythm.` |
| apply for | 申请 | `She applied for a job at the bank.` |

3. 更多真题动词短语速查

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 固定搭配 | 中文释义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| come up with | 提出；想出 | turn to | 求助于 |
| take on | 承担 | turn in | 上交 |
| take over | 接管 | show to | 引导 |
| result in | 导致 | ward off | 避开 |
| apply to | 适用于；申请 | bring to light | 暴露 |
| draw on | 利用 | set aside | 留作……之用 |
| speak to | 向……说话；谈到 | file for | 申请；提交 |
| take into account | 考虑到 | wreck havoc with | 带来浩劫 |
| strike a balance | 达成平衡 | play a role in | 在……中扮演角色 |
| make efforts to do | 努力做某事 | keep up with | 跟上 |

二、名词类固定搭配——阅读定位&写译论证（25组）

名词搭配在阅读原文和写作论证中反复出现，提前背熟可以缩短定位时间、丰富论证表达。

观点与现象类

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题例句 |
|---|---|---|
| access to | 获得；使用机会 | `access to education（受教育机会）` |
| advantage of | ……的优势 | `the advantage of online shopping` |
| awareness of | 对……的意识 | `awareness of environmental protection` |
| concern about | 对……的担忧 | `public concern about climate change` |
| demand for | 对……的需求 | `the demand for renewable energy` |
| emphasis on | 对……的重视 | `emphasis on quality education` |
| impact on / influence on | 对……的影响 | `have a significant impact on society` |
| lack of | 缺乏 | `lack of sleep` |
| solution to | ……的解决方案 | `the solution to the problem` |
| threat to | 对……的威胁 | `a threat to national security` |

数量与范围类

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题例句 |
|---|---|---|
| a wide range of | 广泛的 | `a wide range of opinions` |
| a variety of | 各种各样的 | `a variety of choices` |
| an amount of | 大量的（不可数） | `a large amount of money` |
| a number of | 若干（可数） | `a number of issues` |
| the majority of | 大多数 | `the majority of people` |

生活与社会类

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题例句 |
|---|---|---|
| work-life balance | 工作与生活的平衡 | `maintain a healthy work-life balance` |
| living standards | 生活水平 | `improve living standards` |
| life expectancy | 预期寿命 | `increase life expectancy` |
| pressure on | 对……的压力 | `under pressure from work` |
| responsibility to | 对……的责任 | `have a responsibility to protect the environment` |

三、形容词类固定搭配——完形&写译精准修饰（12组）

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题例句 |
|---|---|---|
| be interested in | 对……感兴趣 | `Many students are interested in online courses.` |
| be responsible for | 对……负责 | `Everyone is responsible for protecting the environment.` |
| be aware of | 意识到 | `We should be aware of the potential risks.` |
| be capable of | 能够 | `He is capable of finishing the task on time.` |
| be critical of | 对……批评 | `Some researchers are critical of the new policy.` |
| be different from | 与……不同 | `His opinion is different from mine.` |
| be familiar with | 熟悉 | `I am familiar with this software.` |
| be harmful to | 对……有害 | `Smoking is harmful to your health.` |
| be similar to | 与……相似 | `This model is similar to the previous one.` |
| be essential to | 对……至关重要 | `Water is essential to life.` |
| be satisfied with | 对……满意 | `The customers are satisfied with the service.` |
| be concerned about | 对……担忧 | `Parents are concerned about their children's safety.` |

四、介词短语——提升文章衔接力（10组）

| 固定搭配 | 中文释义 | 真题例句 |
|---|---|---|
| in terms of | 就……而言 | `In terms of convenience, online shopping is better.` |
| in addition to | 除了……之外（还有） | `In addition to English, he speaks French.` |
| in spite of / despite | 尽管 | `In spite of the difficulty, he succeeded.` |
| on behalf of | 代表 | `I'm writing on behalf of the student union.` |
| with regard to | 关于 | `With regard to your question, here is the answer.` |
| in effect | 实际上 | `The old rules are no longer in effect.` |
| at least | 至少 | `You should exercise at least three times a week.` |
| in general | 通常；一般来说 | `In general, women live longer than men.` |
| out of date | 过时的 | `This information is out of date.` |
| in order to | 为了 | `He studies hard in order to get good grades.` |

五、逻辑连接词——完形填空“红花词”速记表

完形填空的难点不是单词不认识，而是看不穿空与空之间的“逻辑密码”。阅读时看到下面这些连词，不仅可以快速把握文章走向，还能在做题时依靠逻辑推出正确答案。

| 逻辑类型 | 标志词（出现=优先选） | 绿叶词（出现=优先排） |
|---|---|---|
| 并列/递进 | and, also, besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition | unless, until |
| 转折/对比 | but, however, yet, nevertheless, although, while, whereas | since, now that |
| 因果 | because, so, therefore, thus, hence, consequently | unless, until |
| 条件 | if, unless, once, provided that | since, now that |
| 举例/解释 | for example, for instance, such as, in other words | — |

> 考场急救：在时间紧张或完全没思路时，`however`、`while`、`although`、`because`等8个词在历年真题中出现时，当选正确答案的概率非常高。这些词在选项中应优先考虑，但不能完全依赖，仍需结合前后文逻辑验证。

六、高频短语复习方法

阶段一：分类记忆（第1-10天）

用本表的“四大板块+逻辑连词”分模块背记，每天记15-20组。重点记忆标注【真题例句】的搭配。

阶段二：填空自测（第11-20天）

遮住搭配的中文释义，看搭配回忆意思。搭配表可作为冲刺阶段的逐日复习清单使用。

阶段三：真题复盘（冲刺期）

每次刷完真题后，标记原文中出现的固定搭配，添加到上表。短语背到“见词知义”的程度，做题时就不会被搭配干扰。

英语二的高频短语约占总固定搭配的不到一成，把本表背熟，考场上95%的搭配你都不会陌生。短语搭配是日积月累见效的部分，走到考前，这本速查表的每一页都在帮你减少“这个词认识但不会用”的尴尬。复习时穿插练习近三年真题，特别注意完形填空中逻辑关系词的判断，一个月后你会发现：完形填空不再靠“蒙”，阅读原文速度也顺了很多。从今天开始，每天早上花10分钟过一遍上表，一直坚持到考前。